Improvement in draft-producing apparatus



'G. WINGATE. Draft-Producing Apparatus.

Patented Jul 21,1874.

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W-hesaeoj W UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICE.

GEORGE VVINGATE, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN DRAFT-PRODUCING APPARATUS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 153,413. dated July 21,1874; application filed April 23, 1874.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE WINGATE, ofBoston, Suffolk county, State of Massachusetts, have invented certainImprovements in Draft-Producing Apparatus, of which the following is aspecification:

My invention relates to improvements in the draft-producing apparatusfor which Letters Patent were granted to me on the 11th day of November,1873, and on the 3d day of February,1874, the said improvements, whichare fully described hereafter, being adapted especially to locomotives,steam fire-engines, 850., and their object being mainly to improve thedraft and permit the same to be controlled by the attendant engineer.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of theimproved apparatus, Fig. 2, a sectional plan on the line 1 2, Fig. l;and Fig. 3, a sectional plan on the line 3 4, Fig. 1.

The apparatus has a central passage, a, for the products of combustion,and an annular steam-chamber, E, at or near its base, above which is anair-chamber, D, surrounded by an adjustable annular casing, K,communicating with the air-chamber through a number of openings, z, andprovided with a large inlet, M, which can be turned in any direction inorder to face the wind. A series of vertical tubes, 1), which aredirectly exposed to the products of combustion in the passage a, connectthe air-chamberD with an upper chamber, D, which communicates at the topwith the central passage a, through a narrow annular aperture, f, and aseries of steam-pipes, e, extend from the chamber E into and through thesaid air-tubes b.

Air enters the chamber D, and, in passing upward through the pipes b, isheated and rare fled both by the steam in the pipes c and by the gasesin the passage to, so that it emerges from the annular aperture f undera considerable degree of pressure, and by producing a partial vacuum inthe upper portion of the stack induces an upward draft through thepassage a. In these respects the apparatus is substantially the same asthat for which the aforesaid Letters Patent were granted to me.

The exhaust-steam from the engine is conducted into the chamberE throughtwo pipes, h h, each of which has a branch, is, terminating in a nozzlewithin the lower portion of the central passage (1 of the stack. Thesteam-pipes e extend upward into an internal projection, m, of thecap-piece F, upon which rests an annular perforated valve or damper, T,shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This valve can be operated by the engineerthrough the medium of a rod, 19, and has two sets of holes, q and q, ofdifferent diameters, either of which can be brought directly over thesteam-pipes, or the latter can be entirely closed by the plain portionof the valve. By means of this valve a greater or less quantity of steamcan be caused to pass through the pipes e, or the latter can be entirelyclosed, in which case the whole of the exhaust steam will be caused toenter the lower portion of the stack through the branches k. In this waythe draft can be regulated as desired.

By opening the pipes to their full extent, the steam is permitted topass uninterruptedly upward, and a moderate draft will be the re sult.By contracting the openings at the tops of the pipes the force of thesteam-blast will be increased, and this will result in an increaseddraft.

The valve should only be closed when it is desired to eject sparks andcinders from the stack by a blast from the branches k, or when there isbut little steam in the boiler.

An inverted conical deflector, X, which is suspended within the upperportion of the.

stack at a point about opposite the annular opening f and upper ends ofthe steam-pipes 0, serves to direct the heated products of combustionfrom the passage a to a point directly over the said annular apertureand steampipes, and thus considerably facilitates their ejection andimproves the draft. The steamchamber E is divided into two semicircularcompartments by a transverse partition, t, Fig. 3, which serves toseparate the steam emerging from the pipe h from that in the pipe h. Ihave found that this division facilitates the operation of theapparatus, by preventing back pressure when steam is passing from oneexhaust-pipe, and not from the other.

I claim as my invention- 1. The draft-apparatus, provided with air andgas passages and steam-pipes c, and with a valve for regulating thepassage of steam from said pipes the whole being arranged and operatingsubstantially as described.

2. The combination of the steam-pipes h h, their branches L extendinginto the lower portion of the stack, the steam-chamber E, pipes c, andvalve '1, all substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the steam-pipes c and aperture f, of theconical deflector H and cap F, arranged to form an annular exit-openingabove the said pipes and apeiture, as specified.

4. The combination of the partitioned steam chamber E with thesupply-pipes h and h.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses. w

GEORGE \VINGATE.

Witnesses:

Josnrn II. COTTON, U. W. Qnrnnv.

